Tunnel-kiln car and method of loading ware thereon



June 26, 1928.

G. D. MORRIS TUNNEL KILN CAR AND METHOD OF LOADING WARE THEREON C D ELINVENTOR fomefdlafns BY g D We, TTORNEY naw/.f

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DELAWIRE.

TUNNEL-KILN CAR .AN'D METHOD 0F LOADING WARE'. THEREQN. i

Application ed June' 22, 1927. Serial? Nol. 2065,539

The present invention relates to a ware supporting deck construction torkilnv ears arranged to move through a tunnel kiln in which the ware' issubjected; to firing,y` operations, and` the object ot my invention isto provide improved: means for supporting feranrif' ware during thepassage through the kiln and' which 'maybe mounted upon and torm apermanent structure upon' the trucks or cars used in: the tunnel kiln.Another object is toY provide a novel method oit loading ware. on theware supporti-ng structure;

The variousV features of novelty rwhich characterize my invention arepointedl out with particularity in the claims annexed to and' formingl apart of this speciftica-tion. For a better understanding' oit' theVinvention', lrowcver', and` tlre advantages possessed by it referenceshould be had to the accompanying drawings andi descriptiveV matter inwhich l have illustrated andl described a preferred embodiment' of theinvention.

Ot the drawings y Fig; l is a slide elevationot" the body portion of: aware supportingcar with .my improved si-Ipporting structure mountedthereon Fig. 2^ is a plan view ot the structure shown in Fig.. l withportions of tlietop deck. broken. away ;A and Fig; 3 is a perspectiveView ott'lieremovable post ot my invention.

ln the construction illustrated iny Figs; 1 and 2', represents therefractory body portion et5 a truck or car' such` as is commonlyemployed in continuous tunnel kilns'.V At the top of the body portionoft' the car are mounted. transverse beams B which form supports for theload upon the car and are spaced away from one another to providechannels C' extending transversely' to the length of thecar; Supportedo-n adjacent transverse beams are a plurality ot Hat reliact'ory` slabsD' forming the lower deck ot the Ware supporting superstructure. fn theconstruction shown siXf of these( slabs' are used to form the deck.Supported on each slab D and1 suitably spaced from eacli other area;plurality of waresupporting posts comprising corner posts E and. Eintermediate side post and a. central' removable post G.

Each of the posts E and F consists ot a vertical reliractory bod-.y otgeneral ytrian- `guiar sliape comprisinggsolidl topi and bottom portionsE2 anti E3; respectively,v connected bytwo integral' side portions E? soarranged that a vertically extending` recess is torn-lod by the backs ofthe side portions in the rei-naming side of the post. The solid sideportionsli are arranged to` face inwardly from Vthe sides of the carandI are provided with a veifficallyV spaced series of triangularshaped' slots H extending through and inclined from the inner to therecessed outer side ot the post. The slots Hi are adapted: to receivetriangular shaped pinsI K projecting inwardly :troni the inn-er side offthe post and on which plates or other flat ware are supported for glostorV other firing opi-nations. '.lhe slots H are tapered at their outerends to hold the pins in positions with a predetermined: portionprojecting` from the tace ot the post as showny in Fig.. The cornerposts areot slightly different construction trom` the posts E. and. F inthat the rear side only is providedV with pin slots and the other sidesare' cut away at one end as shown in Fig. 2.

The central post Gr is of slightly kless height than t-lie other postsand has its top portion G provided with a central recess G2. OtherwisetheV post G is of the same construction as the posts E and' l?.

A plurality ol dat slabsr M.' ot the same shape and size as the slabsfDiare supported on thel corner and side posts E, E" and.' E to provide anupper deck for the ca-r.. In the center ot each slab M is arranged aniopening lv through which a movable pin M2 projects and i'its into therecess G2 of the central post The inner side of the slabs M are arrangedwith `cut away portionsk M3 sliown in Fig. 2 to provide passages for thecirculation ot the kiln atmosphere; AThe slabs D are constructed with!similar passages.

For the contemplated use in my invention, the corner andl side, postsare tir-st positioned on the lower deck slabs D of the can with theypins K inserted in positionl in the posts. The top slabs M are thenplaced in position on the posts to form the remaining part ot thepermanent superstructure. rlhe innermost bungs ot plates N and Oli orsimilar ware are inserted in'- position -on the pins mounted on theinner corner and intermediate side posts E and F respectively. Thecentral post G is then mounted in position on the slab with its recessG2 in alignment with opening M inthe upper slab. The pin M2 is insertedin the opening and engages in the recess of the post to hold the post inposition. The outer bungs of plates P and Q are then placed inpositionon the pins mounted in the remaining posts. The remainingportions of thecar are loaded in a similar manner with the rear bungs being placed inposition first, the removable post G inserted and the outer bungs thenplaced in position. As shown in Fig. 2, some of the posts will assist insupporting adjacent slabs of the upper b ack and also have their rearvportions contacting with the rear sides of 'the corresponding postssupporting lother sections ot the upper slab structure. lith theconstruction described, the circulating passages formed in the slabs andbetween the supporting` posts of the deck structure permit the kilnchamber atmosphere to be circulated through and around the ware beingheat treated. .lt is obvious that after the lpermanent part oli thesuperstructure has been once placed in position, that. only the posts Gwill `be moved during subsequent loading and unloading operations.

f `My invention is especially useful in the tiring of table ware, as thecars can be loaded without the necessity of transporting heavy warecontaining saggers such as are normally usedin such operations. Thispermits ot the use of relatively cheap female labor in loading the cars.The orinationoit the kiln car with a permanent superstructure eliminatesthev use oi saggers which are often broken in the loading operationswith resulting damage to the ware contained therein. It has been foundin practical operation that more ware can be loaded ina given space onthe ear with the present structure than was .possible with any of theformer deckv constructions in use. n

While in accordance with the provisions of the statutes, haveillustiw-.tedraiul described the best form of embodiment ot my`invention now vknown to me,`it will be apparent to those skilled in theart that changes may be made in the form of the apparatus disclosedwithout departing Yfrom the spirit ot .my invention as set forth in theappended claims and that in some cases certain features ot my inventionmay be used to advantage without a corresponding use of other teatures.

Having now described my invention, what .I claim as new and desire tosecure by Letters Patent, is:

l. ln a kiln car, a ware supporting superstructure comprising apermanent arrangement ot slabs and posts and a. removable post havingware supporting means cooperating with said permanent structure fordirectly supporting wareto be heat treated. 2. A ware supporting`superstructure 'tor a kiln car comprising a lower deck, a plurality ofposts ymounted on said deck, an upper deck mounted on said posts to forma` permanent 'superstructure' Vand a removable post adapted to be placedin position between said decks and to cooperate with some of said ifirstmentioned posts in supportingV structure and cooperating withsome otsaid post to support the outer biings of ware.

t. na kilnvcar, a supporting superstructure arranged to support aplurality of vbungs ot flat ware and comprising a permanent arrangementof posts having ware. supporting meansby which some oi the bungs aresupported and a removable post having ware supporting means cooperating`with part of said permanent structure to support` others of said bungs oware. V

5. A ware supporting superstructure 'ter a kiln cai* comprising a lowerdeck, a plurality of posts mounted on said deck, an upper deckmounted'onsaid posts to form arperinanent superstructure, a removablepost adapted to be placed in position between said decks and cooperatingwith said first mentioned posts to support wai'e to be heat treated andmeans y in said upper deck for holding said removable clement inposition. y

6. Aware supporting superstructure for a kiln car comprising a lowerdeck structure having circulating passages therein, a plurality of postsand slabs'supported by said lower deck, ware supportingl pins mounted inY 7. In firing ware in tunnel kilns, the` m-ethod of loading ware liredon a kiln car comprising a ware supporting superstructure which consistsin arranging the ware in bungs adjacent the longitudinal center lineofthe car, inserting a removable supporting-v element in position insaid superstructure and arranging bungs along the outer portion of thecar so that they are partially supported by the removable element.

Signed at New Castle, in the `county of.

Lawrence, and State of Pennsylvania, this 14th day otJ une, A. D. 1927.l GEGRGE D. MGRRIS.,

